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Knotted protein : ウィキペディア英語版 | Knotted protein
Knotted proteins are proteins whose backbones entangle themselves in a knot. One can imagine pulling a protein chain from both termini, as though pulling a string from both ends. When a knotted protein is “pulled” from both termini, it does not get disentangled. Knotted proteins are interesting because they are very rare, and their folding mechanisms and function are not well understood. Although there have been some experimental and theoretical studies that hinted to some answers, systematic answers to these questions have not been found. Though a number of computational methods have been developed for detecting protein knots, there are still no completely automatic methods to detect protein knots without the necessary manual intervention due to the missing residues or chain breaks in the X-ray structures or the nonstandard PDB formats. Most of the knots discovered in proteins are deep trefoil (31) knots. Figure eight knots (42), three-twist knots (52), and Stevedore knots (61) have also been discovered. ==Mathematical interpretation== Mathematically, a knot is defined as a subset of a three-dimensional points homeomorphic to a circle. According to this definition, a knot only makes sense in a closed loop. However, if we pick a point in space at infinite distance and connect it to the N and C termini through a virtual bond, the protein can be treated as a closed loop.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』 ■ウィキペディアで「Knotted protein」の詳細全文を読む
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